The Six Step Problem Solving Model
Problem solving models are used to address the many challenges that arise in the workplace. While many people regularly solve problems, there are a range of different approaches that can be used to find a solution.
Complex challenges for teams, working groups and boards etc., are usually solved more quickly by using a shared, collaborative, and systematic approach to problem solving.
Advantages of Six-Step Problem Solving
The Six-Step method provides a focused procedure for the problem solving (PS) group.
- It ensures consistency, as everyone understands the approach to be used.
- By using data, it helps eliminate bias and preconceptions, leading to greater objectivity.
- It helps to remove divisions and encourages collaborative working.
- It stops PS groups diverging into different problems.
- It also helps PS groups reach consensus
- It eliminates the confusion caused when people use different problem solving techniques on the same issue.
- It makes the decision making process easier.
- It provides a justifiable solution.
All six steps are followed in order – as a cycle, beginning with “1. Identify the Problem.” Each step must be completed before moving on to the next step.
The steps are repeatable. At any point the group can return to an earlier step, and proceed from there. For example, once the real problem is identified – using “2. Determine the Root Cause(s) of the Problem”, the group may return to the first step to redefine the problem.
The Six Steps
- Define the Problem
- Determine the Root Cause(s) of the Problem
- Develop Alternative Solutions
- Select a Solution
- Implement the Solution
- Evaluate the Outcome
The process is one of continuous improvement. The goal is not to solve but to evolve, adjusting the solution continually as new challenges emerge, through repeating the Six Step Process.
Step One: Define the Problem
Step One is about diagnosing the problem – the context, background and symptoms of the issue. Once the group has a clear grasp of what the problem is, they investigate the wider symptoms to discover the implications of the problem, who it affects, and how urgent/important it is to resolve the symptoms.
At this stage groups will use techniques such as:
- Brainstorming
- Interviewing
- Questionnaires
As this step continues, the PS group will constantly revise the definition of the problem. As more symptoms are found, it clarifies what the real problem is.
Step Two: Determine the Root Cause(s) of the Problem
Once all the symptoms are found and the problem diagnosed and an initial definition agreed, the PS group begins to explore what has caused the problem. In this step the problem solving team will use tools such as:
- Fishbone diagrams
- Pareto analysis
- Affinity diagrams
These techniques help collate the information in a structured way, and focus in on the underlying causes of the problem. This is called the root cause.
At this stage, the group may return to step one to revise the definition of the problem.
Step Three: Develop Alternative Solutions
Analytical, creative problem solving is about creating a variety of solutions, not just one. Often the most obvious answer is not the most effective solution to the problem. The PS group focuses on:
- Finding as many solutions to the problem, no matter how outlandish they may seem.
- Looking at how each solution relates to the root cause and symptoms of the problem.
- Deciding if different solutions can be merged to give a better answer to the problem.
At this stage it is not about finding one solution, but eliminating the options that will prove less effective at dealing with both the symptoms and the root cause.
Step Four: Select a Solution
In the fourth step, groups evaluate all the selected, potential solutions, and narrow it down to one. This step applies two key questions.
- Which solution is most feasible?
- Which solution is favoured by those who will implement and use it?
Feasibility is ascertained by deciding if a solution:
- Can be implemented within an acceptable timeframe?
- Is cost effective, reliable and realistic?
- Will make resource usage more effective?
- Can adapt to conditions as they evolve and change?
- Its risks are manageable?
- Will benefit the organization/
Which solution is favoured?
Acceptance by the people who will use and implement the solution is key to success.
This is where the previous steps come into play. To users and implementers, a solution may seem too radical, complex or unrealistic. The previous two steps help justify the choices made by the PS group, and offer a series of different, viable solutions for users and implementers to discuss and select from.
Step Five: Implement the Solution
Once the solution has been chosen, initial project planning begins and establishes:
- The project manager.
- Who else needs to be involved to implement the solution.
- When the project will start.
- The key milestones
- What actions need to be taken before implementing the solution
- What actions need to be taken during the implementing the solution
- Why are these actions necessary?
The group may use tools, such as a Gantt chart, timeline or log frame. Between Steps Five and during Step Six the operational/technical implementation of the chosen solution takes place.
Step Six: Evaluate the Outcome
The project implementation now needs to be monitored by the group to ensure their recommendations are followed. Monitoring includes checking:
- Milestones are met
- Costs are contained
- Necessary work is completed
Many working groups skip Step Six as they believe that the project itself will cover the issues above, but this often results in the desired outcome not being achieved.
Effective groups designate feedback mechanisms to detect if the project is going off course. They also ensure the project is not introducing new problems. This step relies on:
- The collection of data
- Accurate, defined reporting mechanisms
- Regular updates from the Project Manager
- Challenging progress and actions when necessary
In Step Six, as the results of the project emerge, evaluation helps the group decide if they need to return to a previous step or continue with the implementation. Once the solution goes live, the PS group should continue to monitor the solutions progress, and be prepared to re-initiate the Six Step process when it is required.
Overall, the Six Step method is a simple and reliable way to solve a problem. Using a creative, analytical approach to problem solving is an intuitive and reliable process.
It helps keep groups on track, and enables a thorough investigation of the problem and solution search. It involves implementers and users, and finds a justifiable, monitorable solution based on data.
You can read more about the Six-Step Problem Solving Model in our free eBook ‘ Top 5 Problem Solving Tools ’. Download it now for your PC, Mac, laptop, tablet, Kindle, eBook reader or Smartphone.
- The Six Step Problem Solving Model provides a shared, collaborative, and systematic approach to problem solving.
- Each step must be completed before moving on to the next step. However, the steps are repeatable. At any point the group can return to an earlier step, and proceed from there.
- The goal is not to solve but to evolve, adjusting the solution continually as new challenges emerge, through repeating the Six Step Process.
- Step 1) Define the Problem – Identify problems through problem formulation and questioning. The key is asking the right questions to discover root causes.
- Step 2) Determine the Root Cause – During this process, assumptions are uncovered and underlying problems are further revealed. Also, this is an opportunity to collect and analyze data.
- Step 3) Develop Alternative Solutions – Decisions are made within the group to determine the appropriate solution and process through creative selection.
- Step 4) Select a Solution – Once the group has formed solutions and alternatives to the problem(s), they need to explore the pros and cons of each option through forecasting consequences.
- Step 5) Implement the Solution – Develop an action plan to implement and execute the solution process.
- Step 6) Evaluate the Outcome – This final stage requires an evaluation of the outcomes and results of the solution process. Ask questions such as: Did the option answer the questions we were working on? Did this process address the findings that came out of the assumptions?
- This process helps keep groups on track, and enables a thorough investigation of the problem and solution search.
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Case studies, problem solving related topics.
- Brainstorming
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- Fishbone Diagram
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- Problem Solving
What is Problem Solving?.
Quality Glossary Definition: Problem solving
Problem solving is the act of defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying, prioritizing, and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution.
- The problem-solving process
- Problem solving resources
Problem Solving Chart
The Problem-Solving Process
In order to effectively manage and run a successful organization, leadership must guide their employees and develop problem-solving techniques. Finding a suitable solution for issues can be accomplished by following the basic four-step problem-solving process and methodology outlined below.
1. Define the problem
Diagnose the situation so that your focus is on the problem, not just its symptoms. Helpful problem-solving techniques include using flowcharts to identify the expected steps of a process and cause-and-effect diagrams to define and analyze root causes .
The sections below help explain key problem-solving steps. These steps support the involvement of interested parties, the use of factual information, comparison of expectations to reality, and a focus on root causes of a problem. You should begin by:
- Reviewing and documenting how processes currently work (i.e., who does what, with what information, using what tools, communicating with what organizations and individuals, in what time frame, using what format).
- Evaluating the possible impact of new tools and revised policies in the development of your "what should be" model.
2. Generate alternative solutions
Postpone the selection of one solution until several problem-solving alternatives have been proposed. Considering multiple alternatives can significantly enhance the value of your ideal solution. Once you have decided on the "what should be" model, this target standard becomes the basis for developing a road map for investigating alternatives. Brainstorming and team problem-solving techniques are both useful tools in this stage of problem solving.
Many alternative solutions to the problem should be generated before final evaluation. A common mistake in problem solving is that alternatives are evaluated as they are proposed, so the first acceptable solution is chosen, even if it’s not the best fit. If we focus on trying to get the results we want, we miss the potential for learning something new that will allow for real improvement in the problem-solving process.
3. Evaluate and select an alternative
Skilled problem solvers use a series of considerations when selecting the best alternative. They consider the extent to which:
- A particular alternative will solve the problem without causing other unanticipated problems.
- All the individuals involved will accept the alternative.
- Implementation of the alternative is likely.
- The alternative fits within the organizational constraints.
4. Implement and follow up on the solution
Leaders may be called upon to direct others to implement the solution, "sell" the solution, or facilitate the implementation with the help of others. Involving others in the implementation is an effective way to gain buy-in and support and minimize resistance to subsequent changes.
Regardless of how the solution is rolled out, feedback channels should be built into the implementation. This allows for continuous monitoring and testing of actual events against expectations. Problem solving, and the techniques used to gain clarity, are most effective if the solution remains in place and is updated to respond to future changes.
You can also search articles , case studies , and publications for problem solving resources.
Innovative Business Management Using TRIZ
Introduction To 8D Problem Solving: Including Practical Applications and Examples
The Quality Toolbox
Root Cause Analysis: The Core of Problem Solving and Corrective Action
One Good Idea: Some Sage Advice ( Quality Progress ) The person with the problem just wants it to go away quickly, and the problem-solvers also want to resolve it in as little time as possible because they have other responsibilities. Whatever the urgency, effective problem-solvers have the self-discipline to develop a complete description of the problem.
Diagnostic Quality Problem Solving: A Conceptual Framework And Six Strategies ( Quality Management Journal ) This paper contributes a conceptual framework for the generic process of diagnosis in quality problem solving by identifying its activities and how they are related.
Weathering The Storm ( Quality Progress ) Even in the most contentious circumstances, this approach describes how to sustain customer-supplier relationships during high-stakes problem solving situations to actually enhance customer-supplier relationships.
The Right Questions ( Quality Progress ) All problem solving begins with a problem description. Make the most of problem solving by asking effective questions.
Solving the Problem ( Quality Progress ) Brush up on your problem-solving skills and address the primary issues with these seven methods.
Refreshing Louisville Metro’s Problem-Solving System ( Journal for Quality and Participation ) Organization-wide transformation can be tricky, especially when it comes to sustaining any progress made over time. In Louisville Metro, a government organization based in Kentucky, many strategies were used to enact and sustain meaningful transformation.
Certification
Quality Improvement Associate Certification--CQIA
Certified Quality Improvement Associate Question Bank
Lean Problem-Solving Tools
Problem Solving Using A3
NEW Root Cause Analysis E-Learning
Quality 101
Making the Connection In this exclusive QP webcast, Jack ReVelle, ASQ Fellow and author, shares how quality tools can be combined to create a powerful problem-solving force.
Adapted from The Executive Guide to Improvement and Change , ASQ Quality Press.
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Six Steps to Develop an Effective Problem-Solving Process
by Rawzaba Alhalabi Published on November 1, 2017
Problem-solving involves thought and understanding. Although it may appear simple, identifying a problem may be a challenging process.
“Problems are only opportunities in work clothes”, says American industrialist Henry Kaiser. According to Concise Oxford Dictionary (1995), a problem is “ doubtful or difficult matter requiring a solution” and “something hard to understand or accomplish or deal with.” Such situations are at the center of what many people do at work every day.
Whether to help a client solve a problem, support a problem-solver, or to discover new problems, problem-solving is a crucial element to the workplace ingredients. Everyone can benefit from effective problem-solving skills that would make people happier. Everyone wins. Hence, this approach is a critical element but how can you do it effectively? You need to find a solution, but not right away. People tend to put the solution at the beginning of the process but they actually needed it at the end of the process.
Here are six steps to an effective problem-solving process:
Identify the issues, understand everyone’s interests, list the possible solutions, make a decision, implement the solution.
By following the whole process, you will be able to enhance your problem-solving skills and increase your patience. Keep in mind that effective problem solving does take some time and attention. You have to always be ready to hit the brakes and slow down. A problem is like a bump road. Take it right and you’ll find yourself in good shape for the straightaway that follows. Take it too fast and you may not be in as good shape.
Case study 1:
According to Real Time Economics, there are industries that have genuinely evolved, with more roles for people with analytical and problem-solving skills. In healthcare, for example, a regulatory change requiring the digitization of health records has led to greater demand for medical records technicians. Technological change in the manufacturing industry has reduced routine factory jobs while demanding more skilled workers who can operate complex machinery.
Case study 2:
Yolanda was having a hard time dealing with difficult clients and dealing with her team at the office, so she decided to take a problem-solving course. “I was very pleased with the 2-day Problem Solving program at RSM. It is an excellent investment for anyone involved in the strategic decision-making process—be it in their own company or as a consultant charged with supporting organizations facing strategic challenges.“
Yolanda Barreros Gutiérrez, B&C Consulting
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Having read this I believed it was extremely enlightening. I appreciate you taking the time and energy to put tis informative article together. I onc again findd myself spending a significant amount of time both reading and leavfing comments. But so what, it was still worth it!
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Problem-solving is a crucial skill to have for success in business. It makes you more effective, helps when making a decision, and to execute ideas. No matter how big and complicated your problem is, breaking it down into steps will help you feel more in control. You won’t wander in a fog, full of self-doubt, wasting energy on what you can’t change.
This six-step problem-solving method provides focused instructions to get the solutions you need.
Step 1: Define the problem
Step 2: Determine the root cause(s) of the problem
Step 3: Develop potential solutions
Step 4: Select a solution
Step 5: Implement the solution
Step 6: Evaluate the outcome
Each step should be completed before moving on to the next one . However, steps can be repeated. For example, if you’re on the third step, you can still return to the previous step, and redefine the problem.
First Step: Define the problem
In the first step, you recognize what the problem is. Ask yourself: What am I trying to solve? You need to make sure you have a good view of the problem because you don’t want to be fixing something that is already working. Understanding this might be hard, especially if it involves a group of people, but it’s crucial for future success.
In addition to recognizing the problem, you should also establish a goal for what you want to achieve . The flow here should be very clear:
* Something is wrong or something could be improved.
* A clear goal for fixing it.
Recognizing a problem and setting up a clear goal for fixing it saves you from complaining or stressing about it. You don’t want to be stuck because of these negative emotions. Having a clear explanation of what you want to change means you’re on the right path.
Second Step: Determine the root cause(s) of the problem
Skipping to the solution of the problem without recognizing its symptoms usually means the problem will come back in the future. Like in medicine, we need to understand the difference between treating the symptoms and curing the condition. Treating symptoms helps you in the short run , but it doesn't eliminate the real reason for the problem. Recognizing the deeper issue helps to adjust the treatment and eliminate the root of the problem. Root cause analysis (RCA) distinguishes three basic types of causes:
1. Physical causes - These are tangible, material items that failed (broken laptop, broken camera, a printer that stopped working).
2. Human causes - It means that people did something wrong or didn’t do something that created a physical cause (didn’t protect a laptop which fell down on the floor or didn’t refill the printer cartridge).
3. Organizational causes - It might be a process or policy in a company that is faulty (a customer didn’t get a refund because there was nobody assigned to that task). Finding vulnerabilities in the system, like a policy that is wrong, is a good thing because you can quickly work on improving it. Discovering issues caused by people helps you find out that maybe employees have too much on their hands and that’s why they omitted something. Physical causes can lead to the conclusion that you should invest in office equipment because two days without a working computer costs your company more than just buying a new computer itself.
Third Step Develop possible solutions
It’s time to get creative and come up with as many possible solutions as you can. This is a brainstorming session , so don’t rule out some ideas because they don't seem perfect. There’s an issue with a client and the only solution you can think of is flying out to space? That’s fine. Keep an open mind, and write down everything that comes to your mind. You’ll evaluate it later.
Writing down your ideas is an important step, especially if you’re dealing with a complicated issue. It allows you to see everything better and makes it easier to choose the right solution and take action.
Third Step Select a solution
Now it’s time to go back to earth. Your job is to evaluate your list of ideas. Start by excluding those that are unrealistic to do or not helpful in any way. I guess flying to space can wait for now, but reaching out to a customer and asking them the right questions should definitely stay on the list. Which solution seems the most feasible? Think about the consequences for each of them. If you’re solving a problem for your team, think about it from their perspective . Which solution would be the best for those who will be implementing it? Here are some questions that will help you choose the right solution:
- Can this solution be implemented in the timeframe you need?
- Is it practical, helpful, and cost-effective?
- Can it adapt to conditions that evolve and change?
- Is it risky?
- Is it beneficial to you, the team, or the company?
In short, you judge the feasibility and select the best fit.
Fifth Step Implement the solution
It’s time to put everything from the paper into action. However, keep in mind that execution follows only after planning. If a problem applies to other people as well, establish these key things:
- Who is responsible for implementation?
- Who else is involved in the process?
- What is the time frame for implementation?
- What are the objectives?
- What exact actions need to be taken before and during implementation?
While implementing the solution, it’s best to act in short iterations with testing the outcome and getting feedback from others. Keep in mind that there’s no need for it to be perfect the first time. That’s also the reason you shouldn’t get attached to only one solution. If you see that the solution you chose is failing to give you the outcome you desire, try using some of the different solutions you established before.
Final Step Evaluate the outcome
In last step devote some time to review the results. What happened after you implemented the changes? What worked, what didn’t, and what did your solution improve? Analyze if your actions made the required impact and if you addressed the root causes of the issue. It’s also time to look for improvements in the solution and to plan ongoing monitoring. You can also analyze what you’ve learned and what still needs to be learned when it comes to problem-solving processes and skills.
Problem-solving skills you need
Remember that problem-solving is a process of constant improvement and that you’ll be repeating it. Don’t expect the perfect solution from the start or that the problem won’t appear in the future. In fact, don’t try to avoid problems at all because they’re part of your learning process.
If you adopt an attitude in which you focus on finding solutions every time new challenges emerge, you’ll save yourself a lot of time and stress.
Good luck with problem-solving! If you have some questions or you want to exchange ideas on how to best solve problems, reach out to me on @Twitter !
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The 6 Steps to Problem Solving
Challenges.
Difficulties.
Adversities.
Have you encountered them? Well of course — everyone does. They are, in fact, considered as a constant companion of life . These things are widely known as problems .
Certain situations become a problem when you aim for an outcome but could not immediately figure out how to achieve it.
Problems can be anything ranging from minor annoyances to a total disaster. They can cause doubt, bring hardships, and even ruin your mood and day. They need to be overcome quickly yet carefully . They require a creative and well thought-out solution to improve the situation and reach a desired condition.
Certain situations become a problem when you aim for an outcome but could not immediately figure out how to achieve it. People who are faced with this kind of situation have to think well and construct appropriate action plans to surpass the obstacles that are blocking their desired goal.
These obstacles vary widely in kind and importance — they can either be mild or really serious, depending on your priorities.
But obviously, a problem no longer becomes a problem if you just know how to respond to it. Most people see problem solving as a one-step action: if you have a problem, you obviously have to solve it. However, to be more prudent in finding long-term and more effective solutions, you need to step back, understand what the problem really is, and treat the problem-solving process with a more systematic approach .
Sometimes, you can clearly see what the solution to your problem is, but you just don’t know how to get there. There are times when you can’t even define what is really wrong, making it more challenging to know how to fix something.
Problem-solving is a cognitive process which depends on how you perceive the problem, its importance to you, what you know about it, and the target condition you desire to reach. Two people may have the same problem, but the same solution may not be as effective to one as with the other.
There are stages to be followed, and careful approach and implementation of each stage will greatly affect the success in solving your problem.
Because both problems and solutions vary greatly, you also have to be flexible. Sometimes, you can clearly see what the solution to your problem is, but you just don’t know how to get there. There are times, however, when you can’t even define what is really wrong, making it more challenging to know how to fix something.
The following six-step problem-solving model is highly flexible and practical in efficiently addressing a problem, regardless of what it is. The model is designed to be followed one step at a time, but you may find some steps that don’t require as much attention as the others. This, again, depends on your unique situation.
Here are the 6 simple steps to problem solving:
1. Define the Problem
Knowing what it is that needs to be solved is the most crucial step in solving a problem. The clearer you know about the nature of the problem, the easier for you to be able to find the best action plan to fix it.
Sometimes, we commonly mistake a symptom to be the problem itself. A symptom is a circumstance that is the result of a deeper, underlying condition. Mistaking symptom as the problem can cause a waste of time and effort trying to remedy the consequences instead of the root cause of the situation.
Using gap analysis can help you dig deeper into defining a problem. This process lets you compare your current state versus the future state you want to be in, and to identify the gaps in between which you need to bridge by solving the problem .
2. Analyze the Problem
The next important step is to analyze the problem. Here, you decide what type of problem it is. Identify certain obstacles that you need to overcome, and determine which path you need to take to reach your goal. You need to dig to the root causes of the problem and see past the distracting symptoms to the real issues that need to be fixed.
The five-why analysis is a tool that will help you understand and identify the real problem by asking “Why?” a number of times (ideally at least five times) to dig through each layer of symptoms until you arrive at the root cause of the problem.
3. Identify Potential Solutions
The third step is to identify as many potential solutions as you can, thinking of a lot of possible ways to close the gap. Creative brainstorming is recommended.
Asking the what, where, when, who, why, and how about the causes will lead you to various possibilities. This will also lead you to the most possible best solution.
“Every problem has a solution. You just have to be creative enough to find it.” Travis Kalanick
4. Choose the Best Solution
Carefully evaluate the ideas that you have generated so you can choose the best solution. It’s possible that more options could present themselves while doing this.
Rate each possible solution you have come up with in the previous step according to the following sample criteria:
- How effective it will be
- How much time and effort it will need
- What is the cost of the solution
- How likely it is to satisfy all involved parties
These criteria may vary depending on the problem you are facing and your current situation. Reflect on your ideas carefully and try to see all possible outcomes — then visualize how effective and easy they are to implement.
5. Create an Action Plan
As soon as you determine the best solution to your problem, map out your action plan using the following procedure:
- Determine the steps that must be taken
- Delegate tasks to task-owners when necessary
- Decide on deadlines for completing the actions
- Estimate the cost on implementing such actions
- Create a backup plan in case something goes wrong. Plan B often comes in handy.
This step lets you narrow down the best ways to implement your chosen solution, taking into consideration the possible constraints that apply.
6. Implement Solutions and Review Progress
The final step is to implement your best solution — this is an ongoing process. Make sure that the needed resources remain available.
Monitor the progress of the situation, ensuring that you are getting closer to your desired state. This is very important lest all your hard work will just go down the drain. A checklist is a tool that will help you track what has already been completed, and this will also serve as a reminder on what still needs to be done.
By mindfully following each of these steps, generating solutions is a fact-driven, objective, and reliable process.
Repeat the process whenever new problems arise.
The six-step problem solving model is adaptable. Don’t skip any of the six stages, but you may control the amount of time you spend on each step based on the needs of your unique situation. This model, along with the tools it provides, is an effective and systematic approach to finding the best solution to any problem.
By mindfully following each step, generating solutions is a fact-driven, objective, and reliable process. It encourages you to understand and know the root cause, allows you to generate ideas from others, makes you more creative and open-minded when brainstorming for solutions, and lets you monitor the progress of your action plans to ensure they are working as expected.
The next time you find yourself in a problematic situation, try to use this problem-solving model and see how it works for you.
Source: Skillsoft Ireland Limited
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[…] goal that we aim to achieve. To find the right solutions to specific problems, we need to use an effective problem-solving method that’s designed to help us overcome the obstacles towards our […]
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Problem-solving workshop: Step-by-Step
A problem-solving workshop is held by the Agile Release Train and its purpose is to address systematic problems. The workshop that concentrates on identifying the problems, not just addressing the symptoms, is facilitated by the Release Train Engineer and time-boxed to maximum of two hours. What are the six steps of the workshop?
In SAFe® (Scaled Agile Framework for Enterprises®), problem-solving workshop is done during the Inspect & Adapt (I & A) event. I & A is held at the end of each Program Increment, and it forms the basis for relentless improvement, one of the four pillars of the SAFe House of Lean , and a dimension of the Continuous Learning Culture core competency.
During the three parts of I & A event (PI System Demo, Quantitative and Qualitative measurement, and Retrospective and problem-solving workshop), the ART demonstrates and evaluates the current state of the solution and teams reflect and identify improvement backlog items. In this article we are going to concentrate on the last part of the event, problem-solving workshop, during which teams systematically address the larger impediments that are limiting velocity.
Problem-solving workshop consists of 6 steps
Step 1: agree on the problem to solve.
Clearly stating the problem is key to problem identification and correction. It enables more focused investigation, time-saving, and avoids ‘ready, fire, aim’ approach. On the other hand, a problem that is not well defined, may result in failure to reach the proper countermeasure. To identify and agree on the problem to solve, the teams should spend a few minutes clearly stating the problem, highlighting the ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘when’, and ‘impact’ as succinctly as they can.
Step 2: Apply root-cause analysis and 5 whys
The Root-cause analysis and the ‘5 Whys’ technique is used to explore the cause-and-effect relationships underlying a particular problem. It helps to avoid assumptions and logic traps, trace the chain of causality in direct increments from the effect to a root cause.
The root cause analysis (fishbone or Ishikawa) diagram features 5 main ‘bones’ that represent typical sources of problems in development (tools, people, program, process, environment). Team members then brainstorm causes that they think contribute to the problem to be solved and group them into these categories. Once a cause is identified, its root cause is explored with the 5 Whys technique. By simply asking ‘why’ multiple times, the cause of the previous cause is uncovered, and added to the diagram. The process stops once a suitable root cause has been identified and the same process is then applied to the next cause (© Scaled Agile, Inc.).
Step 3: Identify the biggest root-cause using Pareto analysis
Team uses Pareto analysis (or 80/20 rule) to narrow down the number of actions that produce the most significant overall effect. It is based on the principle that 20% of root causes can cause 80% of problems and it has proved useful where many possible sources and actions are competing. Once the team writes down all the causes-of-causes, they identify the biggest root-cause using dot-voting – every team member has five dots on its disposal, and he can allocate them to one or more items he thinks are most problematic. Then they summarize votes in Pareto chart that shows collective consensus on the most significant root-cause.
Step 4: Restate the new problem for the biggest root-cause
Team picks the most voted item from Pareto chart. They restate it clearly as a problem and add economic impact of the problem to the description.
Step 5: Brainstorm solutions
During the brainstorming activity that lasts about 15 – 30 minutes, team brainstorms as many possible corrective actions as possible. The goal of activity is to generate as many ideas as possible, without criticism or debate. Team members should let their imagination soar and explore and combine all the ideas that arise and in the end dot-vote to identify top contenders.
Step 6: Identify improvement backlog items (NRFs)
In the end of the problem-solving workshop, up to three most voted solutions are identified. Solutions are then rephrased as improvement stories and features to be fed directly into the PI Planning event that follows the I & A event. During that event, the RTE helps ensure that the relevant work needed to deliver the identified improvements is planned. This closes the loop, thus ensuring that action will be taken, and that people and resources are dedicated as necessary to improve the current state. In this way, problem-solving becomes routine and systematic, and team members and ART stakeholders can be assured that the train is solidly on its journey of relentless improvement (© Scaled Agile, Inc. ).
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Problem solving
Sometimes, it is not enough to just cope with the problems – they need to be solved.
Most people engage in problem solving every day. It occurs automatically for many of the small decisions that need to be made on a daily basis.
For example, when making a decision about whether to get up now or sleep in for an extra 10 minutes, the possible choices and the relative risks and benefits of obeying the alarm clock or sleeping later come automatically to mind.
Larger problems are addressed in a similar way. For example: “I have tasks that need to be done by the end of the week. How am I going to get them all done on time?”
After considering the possible strategies, 1 is chosen and implemented. If it proves to be ineffective, a different strategy is tried.
People who can define problems, consider options, make choices, and implement a plan have all the basic skills required for effective problem solving.
Sometimes following a step-by-step procedure for defining problems, generating solutions, and implementing solutions can make the process of problem solving seem less overwhelming.
Six step guide to help you solve problems
Step 1: identify and define the problem.
- State the problem as clearly as possible. For example: “I don’t have enough money to pay the bills.”
- Be specific about the behaviour, situation, timing, and circumstances that make it a problem. For example: “I need to pay the phone and gas bills, and I don’t have enough money to cover both this month.”
Step 2: Generate possible solutions
- List all the possible solutions; don’t worry about the quality of the solutions at this stage.
- Try to list at least 15 solutions, be creative and forget about the quality of the solution.
- If you allow yourself to be creative you may come up with some solutions that you would not otherwise have thought about.
Step 3: Evaluate alternatives
- The next step is to go through and eliminate less desirable or unreasonable solutions.
- Order the remaining solutions in order of preference.
- Evaluate the remaining solutions in terms of their advantages and disadvantages.
Step 4: Decide on a solution
- Specify who will take action.
- Specify how the solution will be implemented.
- Specify when the solution will be implemented. For example: tomorrow morning, phone the gas company and negotiate to pay the gas bill next month.
Step 5: Implement the solution
- Implement the solution as planned.
Step 6: Evaluate the outcome
- Evaluate how effective the solution was.
- Decide whether the existing plan needs to be revised, or whether a new plan is needed to better address the problem.
- If you are not pleased with the outcome, return to step 2 to select a new solution or revise the existing solution, and repeat the remaining steps.
Problem solving is something we do every day.
Some problems are small or easily solved - others are more complicated and can seem overwhelming.
One way of tackling problems is to use a specific and systematic problem solving procedure. If you’ve tried to solve certain problems without much success, try these steps out and see if they help.
Learning to solve problems effectively will help you to minimise the level of stress in your life and improve your overall sense of well-being.
Try it out and see.
Where to get help
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- Metro callers: 1300 55 788
- Peel: 1800 676 822
- Rural and remote areas 1800 552 002
- Most people engage in problem solving daily.
- Sometimes following a step-by-step process to define problems, consider options and make choices can make problem solving less overwhelming.
- You can always talk to your doctor or mental health practitioner and ask for help.
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Problem-Solving Strategies and Obstacles
Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author and educational consultant focused on helping students learn about psychology.
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From deciding what to eat for dinner to considering whether it's the right time to buy a house, problem-solving is a large part of our daily lives. Learn some of the problem-solving strategies that exist and how to use them in real life, along with ways to overcome obstacles that are making it harder to resolve the issues you face.
What Is Problem-Solving?
In cognitive psychology , the term 'problem-solving' refers to the mental process that people go through to discover, analyze, and solve problems.
A problem exists when there is a goal that we want to achieve but the process by which we will achieve it is not obvious to us. Put another way, there is something that we want to occur in our life, yet we are not immediately certain how to make it happen.
Maybe you want a better relationship with your spouse or another family member but you're not sure how to improve it. Or you want to start a business but are unsure what steps to take. Problem-solving helps you figure out how to achieve these desires.
The problem-solving process involves:
- Discovery of the problem
- Deciding to tackle the issue
- Seeking to understand the problem more fully
- Researching available options or solutions
- Taking action to resolve the issue
Before problem-solving can occur, it is important to first understand the exact nature of the problem itself. If your understanding of the issue is faulty, your attempts to resolve it will also be incorrect or flawed.
Problem-Solving Mental Processes
Several mental processes are at work during problem-solving. Among them are:
- Perceptually recognizing the problem
- Representing the problem in memory
- Considering relevant information that applies to the problem
- Identifying different aspects of the problem
- Labeling and describing the problem
Problem-Solving Strategies
There are many ways to go about solving a problem. Some of these strategies might be used on their own, or you may decide to employ multiple approaches when working to figure out and fix a problem.
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure that, by following certain "rules" produces a solution. Algorithms are commonly used in mathematics to solve division or multiplication problems. But they can be used in other fields as well.
In psychology, algorithms can be used to help identify individuals with a greater risk of mental health issues. For instance, research suggests that certain algorithms might help us recognize children with an elevated risk of suicide or self-harm.
One benefit of algorithms is that they guarantee an accurate answer. However, they aren't always the best approach to problem-solving, in part because detecting patterns can be incredibly time-consuming.
There are also concerns when machine learning is involved—also known as artificial intelligence (AI)—such as whether they can accurately predict human behaviors.
Heuristics are shortcut strategies that people can use to solve a problem at hand. These "rule of thumb" approaches allow you to simplify complex problems, reducing the total number of possible solutions to a more manageable set.
If you find yourself sitting in a traffic jam, for example, you may quickly consider other routes, taking one to get moving once again. When shopping for a new car, you might think back to a prior experience when negotiating got you a lower price, then employ the same tactics.
While heuristics may be helpful when facing smaller issues, major decisions shouldn't necessarily be made using a shortcut approach. Heuristics also don't guarantee an effective solution, such as when trying to drive around a traffic jam only to find yourself on an equally crowded route.
Trial and Error
A trial-and-error approach to problem-solving involves trying a number of potential solutions to a particular issue, then ruling out those that do not work. If you're not sure whether to buy a shirt in blue or green, for instance, you may try on each before deciding which one to purchase.
This can be a good strategy to use if you have a limited number of solutions available. But if there are many different choices available, narrowing down the possible options using another problem-solving technique can be helpful before attempting trial and error.
In some cases, the solution to a problem can appear as a sudden insight. You are facing an issue in a relationship or your career when, out of nowhere, the solution appears in your mind and you know exactly what to do.
Insight can occur when the problem in front of you is similar to an issue that you've dealt with in the past. Although, you may not recognize what is occurring since the underlying mental processes that lead to insight often happen outside of conscious awareness .
Research indicates that insight is most likely to occur during times when you are alone—such as when going on a walk by yourself, when you're in the shower, or when lying in bed after waking up.
How to Apply Problem-Solving Strategies in Real Life
If you're facing a problem, you can implement one or more of these strategies to find a potential solution. Here's how to use them in real life:
- Create a flow chart . If you have time, you can take advantage of the algorithm approach to problem-solving by sitting down and making a flow chart of each potential solution, its consequences, and what happens next.
- Recall your past experiences . When a problem needs to be solved fairly quickly, heuristics may be a better approach. Think back to when you faced a similar issue, then use your knowledge and experience to choose the best option possible.
- Start trying potential solutions . If your options are limited, start trying them one by one to see which solution is best for achieving your desired goal. If a particular solution doesn't work, move on to the next.
- Take some time alone . Since insight is often achieved when you're alone, carve out time to be by yourself for a while. The answer to your problem may come to you, seemingly out of the blue, if you spend some time away from others.
Obstacles to Problem-Solving
Problem-solving is not a flawless process as there are a number of obstacles that can interfere with our ability to solve a problem quickly and efficiently. These obstacles include:
- Assumptions: When dealing with a problem, people can make assumptions about the constraints and obstacles that prevent certain solutions. Thus, they may not even try some potential options.
- Functional fixedness : This term refers to the tendency to view problems only in their customary manner. Functional fixedness prevents people from fully seeing all of the different options that might be available to find a solution.
- Irrelevant or misleading information: When trying to solve a problem, it's important to distinguish between information that is relevant to the issue and irrelevant data that can lead to faulty solutions. The more complex the problem, the easier it is to focus on misleading or irrelevant information.
- Mental set: A mental set is a tendency to only use solutions that have worked in the past rather than looking for alternative ideas. A mental set can work as a heuristic, making it a useful problem-solving tool. However, mental sets can also lead to inflexibility, making it more difficult to find effective solutions.
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How to Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills
In the end, if your goal is to become a better problem-solver, it's helpful to remember that this is a process. Thus, if you want to improve your problem-solving skills, following these steps can help lead you to your solution:
- Recognize that a problem exists . If you are facing a problem, there are generally signs. For instance, if you have a mental illness , you may experience excessive fear or sadness, mood changes, and changes in sleeping or eating habits. Recognizing these signs can help you realize that an issue exists.
- Decide to solve the problem . Make a conscious decision to solve the issue at hand. Commit to yourself that you will go through the steps necessary to find a solution.
- Seek to fully understand the issue . Analyze the problem you face, looking at it from all sides. If your problem is relationship-related, for instance, ask yourself how the other person may be interpreting the issue. You might also consider how your actions might be contributing to the situation.
- Research potential options . Using the problem-solving strategies mentioned, research potential solutions. Make a list of options, then consider each one individually. What are some pros and cons of taking the available routes? What would you need to do to make them happen?
- Take action . Select the best solution possible and take action. Action is one of the steps required for change . So, go through the motions needed to resolve the issue.
- Try another option, if needed . If the solution you chose didn't work, don't give up. Either go through the problem-solving process again or simply try another option.
You can find a way to solve your problems as long as you keep working toward this goal—even if the best solution is simply to let go because no other good solution exists.
Sarathy V. Real world problem-solving . Front Hum Neurosci . 2018;12:261. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00261
Dunbar K. Problem solving . A Companion to Cognitive Science . 2017. doi:10.1002/9781405164535.ch20
Stewart SL, Celebre A, Hirdes JP, Poss JW. Risk of suicide and self-harm in kids: The development of an algorithm to identify high-risk individuals within the children's mental health system . Child Psychiat Human Develop . 2020;51:913-924. doi:10.1007/s10578-020-00968-9
Rosenbusch H, Soldner F, Evans AM, Zeelenberg M. Supervised machine learning methods in psychology: A practical introduction with annotated R code . Soc Personal Psychol Compass . 2021;15(2):e12579. doi:10.1111/spc3.12579
Mishra S. Decision-making under risk: Integrating perspectives from biology, economics, and psychology . Personal Soc Psychol Rev . 2014;18(3):280-307. doi:10.1177/1088868314530517
Csikszentmihalyi M, Sawyer K. Creative insight: The social dimension of a solitary moment . In: The Systems Model of Creativity . 2015:73-98. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9085-7_7
Chrysikou EG, Motyka K, Nigro C, Yang SI, Thompson-Schill SL. Functional fixedness in creative thinking tasks depends on stimulus modality . Psychol Aesthet Creat Arts . 2016;10(4):425‐435. doi:10.1037/aca0000050
Huang F, Tang S, Hu Z. Unconditional perseveration of the short-term mental set in chunk decomposition . Front Psychol . 2018;9:2568. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02568
National Alliance on Mental Illness. Warning signs and symptoms .
Mayer RE. Thinking, problem solving, cognition, 2nd ed .
Schooler JW, Ohlsson S, Brooks K. Thoughts beyond words: When language overshadows insight. J Experiment Psychol: General . 1993;122:166-183. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.2.166
By Kendra Cherry Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author and educational consultant focused on helping students learn about psychology.
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Six-Step Problem-Solving Model
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weblink: http://www.yale.edu/bestpractices/resources/docs/problemsolvingmodel.pdf
This six-step model is designed for the workplace, but is easily adaptable to other settings such as schools and families. It emphasizes the cyclical , continuous nature of the problem-solving process . The model describes in detail the following steps:
Step One: Define the Problem
Step Two: Determine the Root Cause(s) of the Problem
Step Three: Develop Alternative Solutions
Step Four: Select a Solution
Step Five: Implement the Solution
Step Six: Evaluate the Outcome
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Brain Power
5 steps (and 4 techniques) for effective problem solving.
Problem solving is the process of reviewing every element of an issue so you can get to a solution or fix it. Problem solving steps cover multiple aspects of a problem that you can bring together to find a solution. Whether that’s in a group collaboratively or independently, the process remains the same, but the approach and the steps can differ.
To find a problem solving approach that works for you, your team, or your company, you have to take into consideration the environment you’re in and the personalities around you.
Knowing the characters in the room will help you decide on the best approach to try and ultimately get to the best solution.
Table of Contents
5 problem solving steps, 4 techniques to encourage problem solving, the bottom line, more tips on problem solving.
No matter what the problem is, to solve it, you nearly always have to follow these problem solving steps. Missing any of these steps can cause the problem to either resurface or the solution to not be implemented correctly.
Once you know these steps, you can then get creative with the approach you take to find the solutions you need.
1. Define the Problem
You must define and understand the problem before you start, whether you’re solving it independently or as a group. If you don’t have a single view of what the problem is, you could be fixing something that doesn’t need fixing, or you’ll fix the wrong problem.
Spend time elaborating on the problem, write it down, and discuss everything, so you’re clear on why the problem is occurring and who it is impacting.
Once you have clarity on the problem, you then need to start thinking about every possible solution . This is where you go big and broad, as you want to come up with as many alternative solutions as possible. Don’t just take the first idea; build out as many as you can through active listening, as the more you create, the more likely you’ll find a solution that has the best impact on the team.
3. Decide on a Solution
Whichever solution you pick individually or as a team, make sure you think about the impact on others if you implement this solution. Ask questions like:
- How will they react to this change?
- Will they need to change anything?
- Who do we need to inform of this change?
4. Implement the Solution
At this stage of problem solving, be prepared for feedback, and plan for this. When you roll out the solution, request feedback on the success of the change made.
5. Review, Iterate, and Improve
Making a change shouldn’t be a one time action. Spend time reviewing the results of the change to make sure it’s made the required impact and met the desired outcomes.
Make changes where needed so you can further improve the solution implemented.
Each individual or team is going to have different needs and may need a different technique to encourage each of the problem solving steps. Try one of these to stimulate the process.
1-2-4 All Approach + Voting
The 1-2-4-All is a good problem solving approach that can work no matter how large the group is. Everyone is involved, and you can generate a vast amount of ideas quickly.
Ideas and solutions are discussed and organized rapidly, and what is great about this approach is the attendees own their ideas, so when it comes to implementing the solutions, you don’t have more work to gain buy-in.
As a facilitator, you first need to present the group with a question explaining the problem or situation. For example, “What actions or ideas would you recommend to solve the company’s lack of quiet working areas?”
With the question clear for all to see, the group then spends 5 minutes to reflect on the question individually. They can jot down their thoughts and ideas on Post-Its.
Now ask the participants to find one or two other people to discuss their ideas and thoughts with. Ask the group to move around to find a partner so they can mix with new people.
Ask the pairs to spend 5 minutes discussing their shared ideas and thoughts.
Next, put the group into groups of two or three pairs to make groups of 4-6. Each group shouldn’t be larger than six as the chances of everyone being able to speak reduces.
Ask the group to discuss one interesting idea they’ve heard in previous rounds, and each group member shares one each.
The group then needs to pick their preferred solution to the problem. This doesn’t have to be voted on, just one that resonated most with the group.
Then ask for three actions that could be taken to implement this change.
Bring everyone back together as a group and ask open questions like “What is the one thing you discussed that stood out for you?” or “Is there something you now see differently following these discussions?”
By the end of the session, you’ll have multiple approaches to solve the problem, and the whole group will have contributed to the future solutions and improvements.
The Lightning Decision Jam
The Lightning Decision Jam is a great way to solve problems collaboratively and agree on one solution or experiment you want to try straight away. It encourages team decision making, but at the same time, the individual can get their ideas and feedback across. [1]
If, as a team, you have a particular area you want to improve upon, like the office environment, for example, this approach is perfect to incorporate in the problem solving steps.
The approach follows a simple loop.
Make a Note – Stick It on The Wall – Vote – Prioritize
Using sticky notes, the technique identifies major problems, encourages solutions, and opens the group up for discussion. It allows each team member to play an active role in identifying both problems and ways to solve them.
Mind Mapping
Mind mapping is a fantastic visual thinking tool that allows you to bring problems to life by building out the connections and visualizing the relationships that make up the problem.
You can use a mind map to quickly expand upon the problem and give yourself the full picture of the causes of the problem, as well as solutions [2] .
The goal of a mind map is to simplify the problem and link the causes and solutions to the problem.
To create a mind map, you must first create the central topic (level 1). In this case, that’s the problem.
Next, create the linked topics (level 2) that you place around and connect to the main central topic with a simple line.
If the central topic is “The client is always changing their mind at the last minute,” then you could have linked topics like:
- How often does this happen?
- Why are they doing this?
- What are they asking for?
- How do they ask for it?
- What impact does this have?
Adding these linking topics allows you to start building out the main causes of the problem as you can begin to see the full picture of what you need to fix. Once you’re happy that you’ve covered the breadth of the problem and its issues, you can start to ideate on how you’re going to fix it with the problem solving steps.
Now, start adding subtopics (level 3) linking to each of the level 2 topics. This is where you can start to go big on solutions and ideas to help fix the problem.
For each of the linked topics (level 2), start to think about how you can prevent them, mitigate them, or improve them. As this is just ideas on paper, write down anything that comes to mind, even if you think the client will never agree to it!
The more you write down, the more ideas you’ll have until you find one or two that could solve the main problem.
Once you run out of ideas, take a step back and highlight your favorite solutions to take forward and implement.
The 5 Why’s
The five why’s can sound a little controversial, and you shouldn’t try this without prepping the team beforehand.
Asking “why” is a great way to go deep into the root of the problem to make the individual or team really think about the cause. When a problem arises, we often have preconceived ideas about why this problem has occurred, which is usually based on our experiences or beliefs.
Start with describing the problem, and then the facilitator can ask “Why?” fives time or more until you get to the root of the problem. It’s tough at first to keep being asked why, but it’s also satisfying when you get to the root of the problem [3] .
As a facilitator, although the basic approach is to ask why, you need to be careful not to guide the participant down a single route.
To help with this, you can use a mind map with the problem at the center. Then ask a why question that will result in multiple secondary topics around the central problem. Having this visual representation of the problem helps you build out more useful why questions around it.
Once you get to the root of the problem, don’t forget to be clear in the actions to put a fix in place to resolve it.
Learn more about how to use the five why’s here .
To fix a problem, you must first be in a position where you fully understand it. There are many ways to misinterpret a problem, and the best way to understand them is through conversation with the team or individuals who are experiencing it.
Once you’re aligned, you can then begin to work on the solutions that will have the greatest impact through effective problem solving steps.
For the more significant or difficult problems to solve, it’s often advisable to break the solution up into smaller actions or improvements.
Trial these improvements in short iterations, and then continue the conversations to review and improve the solution. Implementing all of these steps will help you root out the problems and find useful solutions each time.
- The Simplest Ways to Improve Your Problem Solving Skills
- How to Use the 5 Whys to Get to the Root Cause of Any Problem
- Creative Problem Solving: Create Meaning from Contradictory Ideas
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Problem solving
Basic problem solving in six steps.
We all face difficult decisions and problems in our daily lives. Some problems are quite small and easy to resolve, whilst others can require some significant effort and time to work through and sort out. Problem solving is a skill you can develop. Whether the problem is small, medium or large, it is helpful to have a basic plan for working things out and deciding on a course of action.
The below six steps focus on identifying the particular problem, to consider and evaluate options in order to reach a decision to be acted upon and learnt from. These steps provide a framework for problem solving that can be used by individuals, couples or groups.
The next time you have a problem that you want to work upon, get a piece of paper or create a document and then work your way through the headings, making a record of the different options and steps.
Step 1: Identify the problem
What is the problem? Identify specifically what it is that you want to change or sort out.
Step 2: Identify your options
What are the possible solutions as you see it? Make a list of every option you can think of, even those that seem unlikely. Consulting with others can be helpful here, as they might pick up on possibilities you haven’t considered.
Step 3: Weigh your options
Go through each option you’ve listed, and consider their potential benefits and consequences. Yep, do this for every option.
Step 4: Choose an option
After looking at the pros and cons of each option, one may jump out as the most likely for you. If not, just pick one! This is not about being right or wrong, it is about choosing the best available option for this particular problem and simply giving it a try.
Step 5: Put it into action
This is where the rubber hits the road; where you can make it happen.
Step 6: Review
It is always worth taking time to review results. What is the learning? What if a similar problem presented itself? Would you do the same thing again, or are there other alternatives?
An extra optional step
Keeping a log of how you handled particular problems, and the learning in relation to what worked and what you might do differently next time, will enhance your options, choices and sense of control over your life.
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Six Steps Problem Solving approach
- Topics: Problem Solving
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Introduction
The paper will examine the problem and evaluate the issue by using the six-step problem-solving approach. The assignment is asking what you are doing when you are faced with a question. When are you going to fix it and what steps have you taken to ensure that it is properly resolved? The six methods for problem-solving will be applied to scenario 1 in this task. Where a person has to make a difficult decision between changing his job to increase his finances immediately, or staying where he is currently working, which may allow him to continue his education along with financial support from the employer. This paper will present a synthesis of all relevant ideas on how to solve the problem in Scenario 1, using a six-step systematic approach. As Voltaire said, ‘No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking.’ [Week 9 Assignment 2: Problem Solving. Strayer University Blackboard 2020]
The problem that was given, “You have worked at your company for eleven years. You have returned to college to earn a Bachelor’s degree to increase your chances for a promotion. You are nearly finished with your degree when a supervisor’s position in a competing company becomes available in another state. The start date is in two weeks, during your final exam period for your courses. The position offers $15,000 per year salary increase, a car allowance, and relocation expenses. Your former supervisor works for the company and is recommending you for the position based on your outstanding job performance; if you want the job, it is yours. All of the other supervisors at this level in the company have Master’s degrees, so you know that you would be expected to earn your Bachelor’s degree and continue to a Master’s degree. Your present company offers tuition reimbursement, but the new company does not.” [Week 9 Assignment 2: Problem Solving. Scenario 1. Strayer University Blackboard 2020]
Defining the problem/scenario
The problem in this scenario is that this person has worked for this organization for over 11 years. The current employer has funded this employee with regard to the repayment of school fees, giving this individual the ability to continue their education towards a bachelor’s degree. Just before completing this degree, the competitive company has shown an interest in recruiting this employee and has agreed to raise their current salary by $15,000, including car allowance and travel costs for the company, because the work is in another state. However, there is no educational assistance and recognition that they would need to pursue their studies in order to earn at least a master’s degree the new company. The person who offered this opportunity is a former supervisor and has told the individual that the position is theirs if they want it, but their start date is to complete their degree during the final exam. The ultimate issue is that this person must decide if he is loyal to his or her current business, or if he wants a financial boost in pay and a new supervisory role with a rival organization.
Analyze the problem/scenario
This person has been employed by their current employer for more than 11 years. This person has returned to school in order to further their education by taking use of the value of the refund of school fees provided in their current job. This person was recommended by the former supervisor for a supervisory position with a competing company located in another state. This new role will begin during the same time as the final exams for their bachelor’s degree. The new company will allow this person to continue their education at the level of at least a master’s degree. So, look at this problem / scenario. This person wants to know if a move to another state, working for a competitor of their current employer, is worth a financial boost of 15,000 per year’s salary to leave their existing company. Therefore, the burden of not completing the final test, of having to repay the current company for these last courses, is worth the risk of giving up on that company for 11 years. Leaving their current employer at this time may be unethical in terms of employment, but a chance for promotion in the same organization might not come back for a while. Financial stability and the cost of living are other important aspects of analysis and consideration.
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Generate options for solving the problem in the scenario.
A few possibilities for this problem / scenario may be request a meeting with their current employer and remind them that it is time for them to complete their bachelor’s degree and to discuss potential developments within the company. Express the desire to transfer to a supervisory position and therefore receive a new pay raise for the new position. Let the current employer know how thankful you are for the benefits that have helped you to obtain a bachelor’s degree through the use of the scholarship assistance program. Another choice would be to schedule a meeting with the new company and explore the possibility of a new start date. This would have arisen after the finals of the last courses needed to complete a bachelor’s degree for which they had worked so hard to obtain. I would think that either choice would help to produce the response required to make a final decision on which where to work. If the new company fails to apply for a new start date, it may not be the enterprise that can operate in certain circumstances in the future. If the current organization values and supports your contribution to the future of your education, then with eleven years of tenure and seniority, this could be the best option.
Evaluate the options for solving the problem.
If the current employer acknowledges that the commitment and devotion this employee has shown by earning a bachelor’s degree; while still employed on a full-time job, it is worthy of advancement or at least an advancement. This problem could be overcome at this stage of problem-solving. If the person still wishes to have the opportunity to work for a rival who would have a great deal of interest in recruiting them, then the appraisal may appear as such. Starting with a new organization will generate the stress of learning new policies, needing to relocate to a new state, and maybe getting less vacation time to be able to invest a new pay rise. Going to a new organization realizing that you need to pursue your schooling in order to receive at least a master’s degree, and to pay for these new courses without any help, can be very difficult. Certain questions can remain as follows: does the current company have any sort of non-compete clause, meaning that you cannot go to work for a rival after you voluntarily quit the company? Is there a potential provision that you will work for a certain period of time after the company has paid for some kind of training or further education? Evaluating these choices will aid in your final decision whether to start a new career with a new company or continue with a business you have invested eleven years with.
Decide on the best option for solving the problem.
The best way to solve this problem will be to look at various variables of impact for each potential solution and determine which solutions to retain and which to neglect. Does the increase in pay, the new position and the added benefits outweigh the 11 years of leaving a company that you have worked for? (No) With an increase in pay, does the additional cost of continuing your education towards a master’s degree outweigh? (yes) Starting a new position with a company and being the newest, less-permanent employee, worth giving up 11 years with the current company? (No). Your current employer will also be paying for a Master’s degree to prepare for potential progression. Loyalty to a company that has spent money on you to educate you in the hope that the firm will benefit from the knowledge you’ve learned.
Explain how you will implement the decision made and reflect on whether this option was the most effective.
Implementing this decision would be easy, ethical and moral for me to remain with my current employer if, after meeting with them, they agreed that, since my Bachelor’s degree was completed, promotion and salary increased. The transfer and the potential cost of repaying the company for the last classes that would not have been completed due to the need to move and continue with the new company before the final exams would have been sufficient to affect the newer company. Starting with a new company, losing both rights and future free time will weigh my decision to continue with a organization that trusts enough in me to pay for my schooling. The overall decision is to remain with the existing company.
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The Six Step Problem Solving Model provides a shared, collaborative, and systematic approach to problem solving. Each step must be completed before moving on to the next step. However, the steps are repeatable. At any point the group can return to an earlier step, and proceed from there.
6. Monitor progress and make adjustments Make sure to continuously measure progress to ensure your solution works. Gather data and feedback to determine if the solution meets the needs of all those involved. You may need to make adjustments if anything unexpected arises.
If we focus on trying to get the results we want, we miss the potential for learning something new that will allow for real improvement in the problem-solving process. 3. Evaluate and select an alternative Skilled problem solvers use a series of considerations when selecting the best alternative. They consider the extent to which:
Here are six steps to an effective problem-solving process: Identify the issues The first phase of problem-solving requires thought and analysis. Problem identification may sound clear, but it actually can be a difficult task. So you should spend some time to define the problem and know people's different views on the issue.
Allocate Resources. Problem-solving is a mental process that involves discovering, analyzing, and solving problems. The ultimate goal of problem-solving is to overcome obstacles and find a solution that best resolves the issue. The best strategy for solving a problem depends largely on the unique situation. In some cases, people are better off ...
Step 1: Define the problem Step 2: Determine the root cause (s) of the problem Step 3: Develop potential solutions Step 4: Select a solution Step 5: Implement the solution Step 6: Evaluate the outcome 6 problem solving steps Each step should be completed before moving on to the next one. However, steps can be repeated.
To solve math problems step-by-step start by reading the problem carefully and understand what you are being asked to find. ... define the variables, and plan a strategy for solving the problem. en. image/svg+xml. Related Symbolab blog posts. Practice, practice, practice. Math can be an intimidating subject. Each new topic we learn has symbols ...
Here are the 6 simple steps to problem solving: 1. Define the Problem Knowing what it is that needs to be solved is the most crucial step in solving a problem. The clearer you know about the nature of the problem, the easier for you to be able to find the best action plan to fix it. Sometimes, we commonly mistake a symptom to be the problem itself.
Step Problem Solving Process - Become a Part of the Pride
Problem-solving workshop consists of 6 steps. Step 1: Agree on the problem to solve. Clearly stating the problem is key to problem identification and correction. It enables more focused investigation, time-saving, and avoids 'ready, fire, aim' approach. On the other hand, a problem that is not well defined, may result in failure to reach ...
Here is a six-step process to follow when using a problem-solving model: 1. Define the problem. First, determine the problem that your team needs to solve. During this step, teams may encourage open and honest communication so everyone feels comfortable sharing their thoughts and concerns.
Problem Solving. Six-Step Problem-Solving Process (continued) Step Four: Select the Best Solutions. • Establish criteria for selecting a solution. • Evaluate the potential solutions against your criteria. • Once solutions have been selected, ask each other: "What could possibly go wrong if we do this?"
Six step guide to help you solve problems Step 1: Identify and define the problem State the problem as clearly as possible. For example: "I don't have enough money to pay the bills." Be specific about the behaviour, situation, timing, and circumstances that make it a problem.
Several mental processes are at work during problem-solving. Among them are: Perceptually recognizing the problem Representing the problem in memory Considering relevant information that applies to the problem Identifying different aspects of the problem Labeling and describing the problem Problem-Solving Strategies
The Six-Step Problem-Solving Process is described below: Step 1: Identify The Problem. Select the problem to be analyzed. Clearly define the problem and establish a precise problem statement. Set a measurable goal for the problem solving effort. Establish a process for coordinating with and gaining approval of leadership.
It emphasizes the cyclical, continuous nature of the problem-solving process. The model describes in detail the following steps: Step One: Define the Problem. Step Two: Determine the Root Cause (s) of the Problem. Step Three: Develop Alternative Solutions. Step Four: Select a Solution.
6 Step Problem Solving Process - The "Thinking" Behind the A3 9 . 1. Identify the Problem 2. Set a Target 3. Analyze Causes 4. Propose Countermeasures 5. Check/Evaluate 6. Act/Standardize Shorten the reimbursement process turnaround time to be consistently performed in 6 working days or less by 17 October
Spend time elaborating on the problem, write it down, and discuss everything, so you're clear on why the problem is occurring and who it is impacting. 2. Ideate Once you have clarity on the problem, you then need to start thinking about every possible solution.
6. Body scan 7. External world and breath 8. Mindfulness of thoughts 9. Thoughts sensations and emotions 10. Self compassion mindfulness 11. Mountain meditation 12. Alternate nostril breathing 13. Mindfulness of physical discomfort 14. Mindfulness of difficult thoughts 15. Empty bowl meditation Relaxation exercises 1. Audio relaxation strategies 2.
The paper will examine the problem and evaluate the issue by using the six-step problem-solving approach. The assignment is asking what you are doing when you are faced with a question. When are you going to fix it and what steps have you taken to ensure that it is properly resolved? The six methods for problem-solving will be applied to ...
User: The initial step of the six-step problem-solving model is to: Weegy: The initial step of the five-step problem-solving model is to: Identify the problem. Score 1. User: Individual decision making is a good approach when: Weegy: Group decision making is a good approach when there is time for deliberation and consensus building.